Solenoid valves are electromechanically operated devices crucial for precise fluid control. The solenoid valve industry’s market size will reach USD 5.10 billion in 2024, up from USD 4.88 billion in 2023, highlighting their widespread use. A Stainless Steel Solenoid Valve or a Brass Solenoid Valve manages various media.

How does a solenoid valve work? These devices convert electrical signals into mechanical action. An electrical current energizes a coil, creating a magnetic field. This field then moves a plunger or armature. This movement either opens or closes the valve’s orifice, controlling fluid flow. A common example is a 2/2-Way Solenoid Valve. An OEM Pneumatic Components Manufacturer often produces these essential components.

Key Takeaways

• Solenoid valves control fluid flow using electricity. An electric signal makes a part move, which opens or closes the valve.
• Solenoid valves come in different types, like 2-way, 3-way, and 4/5-way. Each type controls fluid flow in a different way for various jobs.
• Choosing the right materials for a solenoid valve is important. The materials must work well with the fluid, temperature, and pressure to prevent leaks and damage.
• When picking a solenoid valve, consider the fluid, pressure, and electrical needs. This helps the system work well and safely.

Fundamental Principles of Solenoid Valves

Core Components of Solenoid Valves

Solenoid valves operate through a precise interaction of several key parts. A typical solenoid valve primarily consists of two main components: a solenoid and a valve body. Within these, various parts work together for proper operation. These include:

• Armature tube
• Shading rings
• Seal
• Orifice
• Inlet port
• Solenoid coil
• Spring and plunger
• Outlet port
• Lead wires

The solenoid coil creates the magnetic field. The plunger moves within the armature tube. The seal and orifice control the fluid path. Inlet and outlet ports manage fluid entry and exit. Lead wires connect the valve to an electrical power source.

How Solenoid Valves Control Fluid Flow

Solenoid valves convert an electrical signal into a mechanical action to manage fluid flow. When electricity flows through the solenoid coil, it generates a magnetic field. This magnetic field then pulls the plunger or armature. The plunger’s movement directly opens or closes an orifice within the valve body. If the valve is normally closed, the plunger lifts, allowing fluid to pass. If the valve is normally open, the plunger moves down, blocking the flow. A spring often returns the plunger to its original position when the electrical current stops. This simple yet effective mechanism allows for rapid and precise control over liquids and gases in many systems.

Classifying Solenoid Valves by Port and Position

Understanding the port and position configurations helps classify solenoid valves for specific tasks. These classifications define how a valve directs or stops fluid flow.

2-Way Solenoid Valves Explained

Two-way valves represent the most basic type. They feature two ports: one for fluid entry and one for fluid exit. These valves operate in two positions, either fully open or completely closed. They effectively control the flow of fluid in a single line. Industries use them for simple on/off functions, like managing water supply or gas flow in various systems.

3-Way Solenoid Valves Explained

Three-way valves offer more complex control. They possess three ports, allowing them to switch fluid flow between two different paths or to vent fluid to the atmosphere. These valves typically have an inlet, an outlet, and an exhaust port. This configuration is common for applications needing air vented to the atmosphere, such as in pneumatic cylinders and pilot valves. Some 3-way valves provide multi-purpose or directional control. These types direct fluid flow to one specific port or another. They also permit flow in either direction. Manufacturers configure 3-way valves as ‘normally closed’ or ‘normally open’. This setting dictates their default flow path when unactuated.

4-Way and 5-Way Solenoid Valves Explained

Four-way and five-way valves manage more intricate fluid power systems, especially those involving double-acting cylinders. A 4-way valve typically has four ports: a pressure inlet, two ports connecting to the cylinder, and one exhaust port. These valves find use in single-acting cylinder applications where a spring return is present and a common exhaust path suffices. They also suit less critical speed applications, such as general-purpose pneumatic systems, door openers, and simple mechanical movements. Their cost-effectiveness makes them suitable when high speed or precision is not a primary requirement.

Five-way valves expand on this design with five ports: a pressure inlet, two cylinder ports, and two separate exhaust ports. This design allows for more precise control over exhaust air, often leading to faster cylinder speeds. Both 4-way and 5-way solenoid valves see extensive use across various industries. These include the semiconductor, automotive, packaging, medical, specialty machine, and machine tool industries. Specific applications for 5-port valves include robotic arms, end-of-arm tools, hot melt gluing systems, blow-off sorting, and high-speed delivery processes.

Operating Principles of Solenoid Valves

Solenoid valves employ different internal mechanisms to control fluid flow. Understanding these operating principles helps in selecting the correct valve for specific applications. Each type offers distinct advantages based on pressure, flow, and response time requirements.

Direct-Acting Solenoid Valves

Direct-acting solenoid valves represent the simplest design. The solenoid directly acts on the valve’s sealing element. When energized, the magnetic field pulls the plunger, which directly opens or closes the orifice. This design does not rely on system pressure for operation. Therefore, they function effectively even with zero or very low pressure differentials. Direct-acting solenoid valves typically have a response time of approximately 30 milliseconds. This is significantly quicker compared to semi-direct or indirect acting valves, which can have response times up to 1000 milliseconds or more. They are suitable for:

• Low, zero, and negative pressure applications.
• Maximum pressure is less than 100 psi.

Pilot-Operated Solenoid Valves

Pilot-operated solenoid valves, also known as indirect-acting valves, use system pressure to assist in their operation. A small pilot orifice controls a larger main orifice. When the solenoid energizes, it opens the pilot orifice. This action releases pressure from a chamber above the main diaphragm or piston. The pressure differential then lifts the main diaphragm or piston, opening the main valve. Pilot-operated solenoid valves achieve higher flow rates by utilizing the differential pressure of the medium across the valve ports to facilitate opening and closing. This servo-assisted mechanism allows them to handle larger flows more effectively and operate within higher pressure and temperature ranges, often with lower power consumption. A small chamber above the diaphragm, into which process fluid enters through an orifice, assists in the valve’s operation, particularly in normally closed configurations where it helps compress against the diaphragm to maintain the seal. These valves offer several benefits:

• Excellent for very large flow applications.
• Valve operation is assisted by pressure.
• Requires a minimum pressure differential to function.
• More economical for applications involving higher flow values.
• Operates with a lower electrical power level.

Semi-Direct Lift Solenoid Valves

Semi-direct lift solenoid valves combine features from both direct-acting and pilot-operated designs. They can operate from zero differential pressure, similar to direct-acting valves. However, they also use the system pressure to assist in opening the main orifice, like pilot-operated valves. The solenoid directly lifts the diaphragm or piston. This initial lift creates a pressure differential, which then helps fully open the valve. This hybrid design allows them to handle higher flow rates than direct-acting valves while still functioning in low or zero-pressure environments. They offer a versatile solution for applications needing both robust flow and reliable operation without a significant pressure differential.

Solenoid Valves: Configurations and Designs

Solenoid valves come in various configurations. Each design offers specific advantages for different applications. Engineers choose these designs based on fluid type, pressure, and required control.

Poppet Solenoid Valves

Poppet solenoid valves use a disc or cone-shaped element. This element, called a poppet, seals against an orifice. When the solenoid activates, it lifts the poppet. This action opens the flow path. These valves are common in general pneumatic and hydraulic circuits. They provide pulsed flow control. Engineers also find them in internal combustion and steam engines. Presta and Schrader valves on pneumatic tires are examples. Submarine torpedo launching systems use them. They help recover air and seawater to reduce bubble trails.

Spool Solenoid Valves

Spool solenoid valves feature a cylindrical spool. This spool slides within a precisely machined bore. The spool has lands and grooves. These lands and grooves align with ports in the valve body. As the spool moves, it connects or blocks different flow paths. This design makes them ideal for directional control. They often manage the movement of pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders.

Diaphragm Solenoid Valves

Diaphragm solenoid valves use a flexible diaphragm. This diaphragm acts as the sealing element. The solenoid lifts or presses the diaphragm. This movement opens or closes the flow path. The diaphragm isolates the fluid from the operating mechanism. This feature makes them suitable for corrosive or sensitive fluids. They are also common in sanitary applications.

Material Considerations for Solenoid Valves

Choosing the right materials for solenoid valves is crucial. Materials directly affect a valve’s performance and lifespan. They must withstand the fluid, pressure, and temperature of the application. Proper material selection prevents corrosion, leaks, and premature failure.

Body Materials for Solenoid Valves

The valve body forms the main structure. Its material must suit the fluid it handles. Brass is a common choice. It works well with neutral fluids like water, air, and light oils. Stainless steel offers superior corrosion resistance. Manufacturers use it for aggressive chemicals, high temperatures, and sanitary applications. Plastic bodies, such as PVC or polypropylene, suit specific corrosive fluids or low-pressure systems. They are often more cost-effective for these uses. The body material ensures the valve’s integrity under operating conditions.

Seal Materials for Solenoid Valves

Seals prevent fluid leakage. They also ensure proper valve operation. The seal material must be compatible with the fluid and temperature range. Nitrile rubber (NBR) is a popular choice. It works well with water, air, and petroleum-based fluids. Fluoroelastomer (FKM), often known as Viton®, offers better resistance to chemicals and higher temperatures. Different materials have different temperature limits. This table shows common temperature ranges for NBR and FKM:

Material	Low Temperature Limit	High Temperature Limit
NBR	-35°C (-30°F)	100°C (212°F)
FKM	-20°C (-5°F)	200°C (392°F)

Engineers select seals based on these limits. For example, high-temperature steam applications require FKM or PTFE. Cold environments might need NBR. Correct seal material ensures reliable, leak-free performance.

Application-Specific Solenoid Valves

Solenoid valves often require specialized designs for unique applications. These designs ensure optimal performance and safety in demanding environments. Engineers tailor these valves to handle specific media, temperatures, and pressures.

Steam Solenoid Valves

Steam systems demand robust solenoid valves. These valves must withstand high temperatures and pressures. Manufacturers use highly engineered materials for their construction. These materials resist heat and corrosion. Examples include:

• Stainless steel 304
• Carbon steel (ASTM A216)
• Bronze
• Nickel alloys like Inconel and Hastelloy

High-quality sealing materials are also crucial. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) seals, graphite, and metal seals prevent leaks. These seals must endure extreme temperatures without warping. Valve bodies also feature adequate thickness. This provides structural strength against steam pressure. Elongated valve bodies protect actuators from overheating. These design choices ensure reliable operation in steam applications.

Cryogenic Solenoid Valves

Cryogenic applications involve extremely low temperatures. Solenoid valves for these uses require special materials. These materials maintain their integrity in freezing conditions. For temperatures down to -345°F (liquid nitrogen), manufacturers use specific seals and poppets. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a common choice. Graphite offers an alternative, though it may leak over time. For even colder temperatures, such as liquid helium at -457°F, designs become more specialized. A welded construction provides a hermetic seal for the pressure boundary. Polyimide serves as the material for the floating seal disc. These material selections prevent brittleness and ensure reliable sealing at cryogenic levels.

Sanitary Solenoid Valves

Sanitary solenoid valves are essential in industries like food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology. These valves prevent contamination. They feature smooth internal surfaces. This design eliminates crevices where bacteria can grow. Manufacturers often use stainless steel for the body. This material resists corrosion and allows for easy cleaning. These valves also feature quick-disconnect fittings. This simplifies maintenance and sterilization. They ensure product purity and meet strict hygiene standards.

Explosion-Proof Solenoid Valves

Explosion-proof solenoid valves ensure safety in hazardous environments. These areas contain flammable gases, vapors, dust, or fibers. A spark or heat from electrical components could ignite these substances. Manufacturers design explosion-proof valves to prevent such ignition. They enclose all sparking components within a robust housing. This housing contains any internal explosion. It also prevents hot gases from escaping and igniting the external atmosphere.

These valves meet strict international standards. Certifications like ATEX (Europe) and UL (United States) confirm their safety. Industries use them in oil and gas, chemical processing, mining, and pharmaceutical manufacturing. They provide critical control in applications where safety is paramount.

Latching Solenoid Valves

Latching solenoid valves offer a unique control solution. They remain in their last position after power removal. Standard solenoid valves require continuous power to stay open or closed. Latching valves use a momentary electrical pulse to switch positions. A permanent magnet then holds the plunger in place. This design offers significant advantages:

• Energy Efficiency: They consume power only during the brief switching period. This reduces electricity usage.
• Reduced Heat Generation: Continuous power is unnecessary, so the coil does not generate heat. This extends valve life.
• Battery Operation: Their low power consumption makes them ideal for battery-powered systems.

Industries use latching valves in irrigation systems, gas meters, and remote control applications. They provide reliable operation where power conservation is important. They also suit systems needing a fail-safe position during power outages.

Selecting the Right Solenoid Valves

Choosing the correct solenoid valve ensures efficient and reliable system operation. Many factors influence this decision. Engineers consider the fluid, pressure, flow, and electrical needs. Careful selection prevents system failures and optimizes performance.

Fluid Characteristics for Solenoid Valves

The type of fluid a solenoid valve handles significantly impacts material selection. Fluids can be liquids or gases. They can also be clean, dirty, corrosive, or abrasive. The valve’s body and seal materials must withstand the fluid’s properties. For instance, corrosive fluids require specialized materials to prevent degradation.

Here is a guide for selecting materials based on fluid corrosivity:

Material	Key Properties & Resistance
Stainless Steel (304, 316, 316L)	Offers excellent corrosion resistance to many chemicals, including acids, alkalis, and salt solutions. 316L provides superior resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion. Industries use it for chemical processing, food and beverage, and pharmaceuticals.
PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)	Resists acids, alkalis, salts, and some organic solvents. It is lightweight and cost-effective. Common uses include water treatment and chemical dosing.
CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride)	Shows enhanced temperature and chemical resistance compared to PVC. It handles hot corrosive fluids and more aggressive chemicals. Industries use it in chemical processing and hot water distribution.
PP (Polypropylene)	Resists many acids, alkalis, and organic solvents, even at higher temperatures. It is lightweight and durable. Applications include chemical processing and wastewater treatment.
PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride)	Provides excellent chemical resistance to aggressive chemicals, including strong acids, bases, and solvents. It works well at high temperatures. It is ideal for highly corrosive applications in chemical and semiconductor industries.
PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene)	Offers outstanding chemical inertness, resisting almost all chemicals across a broad temperature range. It has low friction and non-stick properties. It often serves as a lining material for critical components.
PEEK (Polyether Ether Ketone)	Features excellent chemical resistance, high-temperature performance, and mechanical strength. It resists a wide range of organic and inorganic chemicals. Demanding applications in chemical processing and aerospace use it.
Viton (FKM)	A high-performance fluoroelastomer. It resists hydrocarbons, fuels, oils, and many aggressive chemicals, especially at high temperatures. It is common for seals and O-rings in chemical and automotive applications.
EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer)	Resists water, steam, polar solvents, and some acids and alkalis. It is not suitable for hydrocarbons or oils. It finds use in water treatment and HVAC.
Buna-N (Nitrile Rubber)	Resists oils, fuels, and some solvents. It has limited resistance to strong acids and bases. It is a common choice for general-purpose seals where oil resistance is important.
Kalrez (FFKM)	A perfluoroelastomer with exceptional chemical resistance, similar to PTFE, but with elastomeric properties. It resists nearly all chemicals and high temperatures. Industries use it in extreme and critical sealing applications.
Hastelloy (C276, B2)	Nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys. They offer outstanding corrosion resistance to severe corrosive media, including strong acids and chlorides. Industries use them in highly aggressive chemical processing environments.
Titanium	Provides excellent corrosion resistance, especially to oxidizing acids, chlorides, and seawater. It has a high strength-to-weight ratio. Industries use it where corrosion resistance and strength are critical.
Monel (400)	A nickel-copper alloy. It resists seawater, hydrofluoric acid, and other corrosive media. It has high strength and ductility. Industries use it in marine, chemical processing, and oil and gas.
Zirconium	Offers exceptional corrosion resistance to strong acids, particularly sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, and alkalis. Industries use it in highly corrosive chemical processing applications.
Glass-lined Steel	Steel vessels lined with glass. This provides excellent corrosion resistance to most acids and alkalis. Industries use it for reactors and storage tanks.
Ceramics (Alumina, Silicon Carbide)	Extremely hard and wear-resistant. They offer excellent chemical inertness to many corrosive fluids, even at high temperatures. They are brittle. Industries use them for specialized components like pump parts and seals.
Tantalum	Provides outstanding corrosion resistance to almost all chemicals, including strong acids, bases, and liquid metals. It is very expensive. Industries use it in highly critical and aggressive chemical processing applications.
Graphite (Impervious Graphite)	Offers excellent corrosion resistance to many acids, alkalis, and organic chemicals, especially at high temperatures. It has good thermal conductivity. Industries use it for heat exchangers.
Nickel Alloys (e.g., Inconel, Incoloy)	Various nickel-based alloys. They offer excellent corrosion resistance to a wide range of corrosive media, high-temperature strength, and resistance to oxidation. Industries use them in severe chemical processing and high-temperature environments.

Fluid temperature and viscosity also play vital roles. High temperatures can degrade seal materials. High viscosity fluids require larger orifices or different valve designs to ensure proper flow.

Pressure and Flow Requirements for Solenoid Valves

System pressure and desired flow rate are critical specifications. Engineers must consider the inlet pressure, outlet pressure, and the pressure differential across the valve. Some valves, like pilot-operated types, require a minimum pressure differential to function correctly.

Flow rate determines the size of the valve’s orifice. The flow coefficient (Cv) quantifies a valve’s flow capacity. A higher Cv value indicates a greater flow capacity. Engineers calculate the required Cv for a specific application using a Cv Calculator. This tool determines Cv by requiring the following inputs:

1. Fluid type (liquid or gas)
2. Inlet pressure (P1)
3. Outlet pressure (P2)
4. Flow rate (Q)
5. Temperature
6. Specific gravity

The calculator then processes these parameters to compute the Cv value. Selecting a valve with a Cv value slightly higher than the calculated Cv helps ensure optimal flow performance.

Electrical Specifications for Solenoid Valves

Solenoid valves operate with specific electrical requirements. Engineers must match these to the available power supply. Key electrical specifications include:

• Voltage: Valves operate on either AC (alternating current) or DC (direct current). Common voltages include 12V DC, 24V DC, 120V AC, and 240V AC.
• Power Consumption: This indicates the amount of electricity the solenoid coil uses. Lower power consumption is beneficial for energy efficiency, especially in battery-powered systems.
• Frequency: For AC valves, the frequency (e.g., 50 Hz or 60 Hz) must match the power supply.
• Duty Cycle: This refers to how long the valve can remain energized. Continuous duty coils can stay energized indefinitely. Intermittent duty coils require periods of rest to prevent overheating.

For hazardous environments, explosion-proof solenoid valves are necessary. These valves carry specific certifications like ATEX or UL. These certifications ensure the valve’s electrical components will not ignite flammable substances. Matching the electrical specifications correctly prevents damage to the valve and ensures safe operation.

Environmental Factors for Solenoid Valves

The environment where a solenoid valve operates significantly influences its selection and longevity. Engineers must consider several external factors. These factors include temperature, humidity, vibration, and the presence of hazardous substances. Ignoring these conditions can lead to premature valve failure or unsafe operation.

• Temperature Extremes: Both ambient temperature and fluid temperature affect valve performance. High ambient temperatures can cause the solenoid coil to overheat. This reduces its lifespan. Low temperatures can make seal materials brittle. This leads to leaks. Manufacturers specify operating temperature ranges for their valves. Users must ensure the chosen valve operates reliably within these limits. For example, a valve designed for indoor use may fail in an unheated outdoor environment during winter.

• Humidity and Moisture: High humidity or direct exposure to moisture can damage electrical components. Water can cause corrosion or short circuits in the solenoid coil. Valves used in wet environments often require special enclosures. These enclosures protect the coil from water ingress. They carry Ingress Protection (IP) ratings. An IP65 rating indicates protection against water jets. An IP67 rating means protection against temporary immersion.

• Vibration and Shock: Industrial machinery often produces significant vibration. Constant vibration can loosen electrical connections. It can also cause mechanical wear on valve components. Solenoid valves in high-vibration environments need robust construction. They may feature reinforced coils or mounting brackets. Shock, such as from sudden impacts, can also damage internal parts. Manufacturers design some valves specifically to withstand these mechanical stresses.

• Hazardous Locations: Certain environments contain flammable gases, vapors, dust, or fibers. These are hazardous locations. A spark from a standard solenoid valve could ignite these substances. Therefore, these areas require explosion-proof solenoid valves. These valves have special housings. The housings contain any internal explosion. They also prevent hot gases from escaping. Certifications like ATEX or UL ensure these valves meet strict safety standards for hazardous environments.

Tip: Always check the valve’s datasheet for its specified environmental operating conditions. Matching these conditions to the application environment prevents costly failures and ensures safety.

Connection and Mounting Options for Solenoid Valves

Connecting and mounting a solenoid valve correctly is crucial for system integrity and performance. Various options exist. Each option suits different piping systems and installation requirements.

• Connection Types:

  • Threaded Connections: These are the most common type. They feature NPT (National Pipe Taper) or BSP (British Standard Pipe) threads. Users screw the valve directly into the pipeline. This method offers a secure and leak-tight connection when properly sealed. Threaded connections are versatile. They suit a wide range of applications.
  • Flanged Connections: Larger valves often use flanged connections. Flanges are flat, circular plates with bolt holes. Users bolt the valve flanges to corresponding pipe flanges. A gasket between the flanges creates a seal. Flanged connections provide a robust seal. They also allow for easier removal and maintenance of the valve.
  • Manifold Mounts: Manifold systems integrate multiple valves onto a single block. This reduces piping and potential leak points. Manifold-mounted valves connect directly to ports on the manifold block. This design creates a compact and organized system. It is common in pneumatic control panels and complex hydraulic systems.
  • Push-to-Connect Fittings: These fittings offer quick and easy installation. Users simply push tubing into the fitting. An internal collet secures the tube. This connection type is popular in pneumatic systems. It allows for rapid assembly and disassembly.

• Mounting Options:

  • Inline Mounting: This is the most straightforward method. Users install the valve directly into the pipeline. The fluid flows straight through the valve. This method is common for 2-way valves.
  • Panel Mounting: Some valves feature mounting holes or nuts. These allow users to secure the valve to a control panel. This keeps the valve accessible for operation and maintenance. It also protects it within an enclosure.
  • Base Mounting: Valves designed for base mounting attach to a sub-base or manifold. This method provides a clean installation. It also simplifies valve replacement. Users can remove the valve without disturbing the piping connections.

Choosing the right connection and mounting option ensures proper fluid flow. It also simplifies installation and maintenance. Engineers consider pipe size, pressure, flow requirements, and system layout when making these choices.

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Matching solenoid valves to specific application needs is critical. Proper selection ensures efficient, reliable, and safe system operation. Engineers must carefully consider fluid characteristics, pressure, flow, and electrical specifications. This prevents costly failures and optimizes overall performance.

The future of solenoid valve technology promises exciting advancements. Emerging technologies will drive innovation:

• Artificial intelligence (AI) will automate industrial valves, especially in demanding sectors.
• Advanced valve connectivity will integrate sensors and actuators with AI for streamlined fluid systems.
• New manufacturing materials, like composite polymers, will enable specialized valves for challenging conditions.
• Digital twins will improve planning and visualization for infrastructure projects.
• The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) will collect and analyze valve performance data for optimization.
• Blockchain technology will enhance tracking and quality control management.

FAQ

What is a solenoid valve?

A solenoid valve is an electromechanical device. It controls fluid flow using an electrical signal. An energized coil creates a magnetic field. This field moves a plunger, opening or closing the valve’s orifice. Engineers use them for precise fluid control in many systems.

How do 2-way, 3-way, and 4/5-way solenoid valves differ?

• 2-way valves have two ports for simple on/off control.
• 3-way valves have three ports. They switch fluid between two paths or vent it.
• 4-way and 5-way valves manage complex systems. They control double-acting cylinders with intricate directional flow.

What are the main operating principles of solenoid valves?

Solenoid valves operate in three main ways:

• Direct-acting valves use the solenoid to directly open or close the valve.
• Pilot-operated valves use system pressure to assist in opening.
• Semi-direct lift valves combine both. They operate at zero pressure but use system pressure for higher flow.

Why are material choices important for solenoid valves?

Material choices are crucial for valve performance and lifespan. The body and seal materials must withstand the fluid’s properties, temperature, and pressure. Correct selection prevents corrosion, leaks, and premature failure. 🛠️

What is a latching solenoid valve?

Latching solenoid valves remain in their last position after power removal. They use a momentary electrical pulse to switch. A permanent magnet then holds the plunger. This design saves energy and reduces heat, making them ideal for battery-powered systems. 🔋